Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia

Family

Thelypteridaceae

Nomenclature

Cyclosorus unitus (L.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 8: 192. 1938; Tardieu & C.Chr., Fl. Indo-Chine 7(2): 396. 1941; Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya ed. 1, 2: 260, f. 1955 [‘1954’]. – Polypodium unitum L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1362. 1759. – Nephrodium unitum (L.) R.Br., Prod.: 148. 1810; Bedd., Handb. Ferns Brit. India: 268. 1883. – Thelypteris unita (L.) C.V.Morton, Amer. Fern J. 49: 113. 1959; Tagawa & K.Iwats., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 25: 16. 1971; Tagawa & K.Iwats., Fl. Thailand 3: 415. 1988. – Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum, J. S. Afr. Bot. 40: 165. 1974; Holttum, Kalikasan 4: 63. 1975; Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. II, Pterid. 1: 477. 1982 [‘1981’]; Boonkerd & Pollawatn, Pterid. Thailand: 230. 2000.

Description

Rhizome long creeping, about 3 mm diam.; scales brown to paler, membranous, up to 5 by 1.5 mm. Stipes 26–60 cm long to first full-sized pinnae, 10–20 cm to first reduced pinnae, scaly and hairy near base, bearing extremely reduced pinnae on upper portion. Laminae oblong-lanceolate, gradually narrowing downwards, 25–63 by 13–30 cm, acute at apex, with 21–38 pairs of pinnae; rachis densely hairy throughout; lower pinnae reduced to auricles, middle pinnae sessile, patent, linear-lanceolate gradually narrowing towards long-acuminate apex, 7.5–16.5 by 0.8–1.5 cm, lobed 1/5–1/4 way towards costa; segments subdeltoid, acute to aciculate at apex, entire, coriaceous, pubescent on lower surface, costa underneath densely hairy with short and somewhat appressed hairs; veins pinnate, strongly raised below, not raised above, glandular. Sori medial; indusia sparsely hairy, persistent; sporangia glandular .

Distribution in Thailand

PENINSULAR: Chumphon, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Satun.

Wider Distribution

Sri Lanka, S India, N Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, New Guinea, Micronesia to Polynesia.

Ecology

Edge of streams near sea-level.

Similar species

Cyclosorus aridus (D.Don) Ching

Proposed IUCN Conservation Assessment

Least Concern (LC). This species is widespread and not under any known threat.

Voucher specimens - Thailand

Middleton et al. 5518, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang National Park (E).

Habit

Frond

Rhizome

Reduced basal pinnae

Pinnae from above

Pinnae from beneath with mature sori

Pinnae from beneath with young sori

Lower surface of rachis and pinnae with young sori

Young sori

Mature sori

	Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia
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Cyclosorus unitus (L.) Ching Family Thelypteridaceae Nomenclature Cyclosorus unitus (L.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 8: 192. 1938; Tardieu & C.Chr., Fl. Indo-Chine 7(2): 396. 1941; Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya ed. 1, 2: 260, f. 1955 [‘1954’]. – Polypodium unitum L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1362. 1759. – Nephrodium unitum (L.) R.Br., Prod.: 148. 1810; Bedd., Handb. Ferns Brit. India: 268. 1883. – Thelypteris unita (L.) C.V.Morton, Amer. Fern J. 49: 113. 1959; Tagawa & K.Iwats., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 25: 16. 1971; Tagawa & K.Iwats., Fl. Thailand 3: 415. 1988. – Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum, J. S. Afr. Bot. 40: 165. 1974; Holttum, Kalikasan 4: 63. 1975; Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. II, Pterid. 1: 477. 1982 [‘1981’]; Boonkerd & Pollawatn, Pterid. Thailand: 230. 2000. Description Rhizome long creeping, about 3 mm diam.; scales brown to paler, membranous, up to 5 by 1.5 mm. Stipes 26–60 cm long to first full-sized pinnae, 10–20 cm to first reduced pinnae, scaly and hairy near base, bearing extremely reduced pinnae on upper portion. Laminae oblong-lanceolate, gradually narrowing downwards, 25–63 by 13–30 cm, acute at apex, with 21–38 pairs of pinnae; rachis densely hairy throughout; lower pinnae reduced to auricles, middle pinnae sessile, patent, linear-lanceolate gradually narrowing towards long-acuminate apex, 7.5–16.5 by 0.8–1.5 cm, lobed 1/5–1/4 way towards costa; segments subdeltoid, acute to aciculate at apex, entire, coriaceous, pubescent on lower surface, costa underneath densely hairy with short and somewhat appressed hairs; veins pinnate, strongly raised below, not raised above, glandular. Sori medial; indusia sparsely hairy, persistent; sporangia glandular . Distribution in Thailand PENINSULAR: Chumphon, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Satun. Wider Distribution Sri Lanka, S India, N Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, New Guinea, Micronesia to Polynesia. Ecology Edge of streams near sea-level. Similar species Cyclosorus aridus (D.Don) Ching Proposed IUCN Conservation Assessment Least Concern (LC). This species is widespread and not under any known threat. Voucher specimens - Thailand Middleton et al. 5518, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang National Park (E). Habit Frond Rhizome Reduced basal pinnae Reduced basal pinnae Pinnae from above Pinnae from beneath with mature sori Pinnae from beneath with young sori Lower surface of rachis and pinnae with young sori Young sori Mature sori
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Cyclosorus unitus (L.) Ching